Guided Reading for The Western Traditions.

Find the answer to each of these questions as it is given in the textbook before moving on to the next question. Some answers, drawn from the textbook alone, will be rather simplistic. They can, and should, be elaborated upon as your knowledge of the subject grows.

Pages 319 - 331:

The symbol (*) after a question indicates that these might be used for longer essays in your quizzes.

The two areas of interest here are the question of religious authority vs. the modern age and the related question of religious pluralism.

  1. What was one test of any renewal of Christianity to Quakers, Congregationalists, and Methodists?

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  2. Why was the ministry a source of leaders in Black American communities?

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  3. What did Martin Luther King Jr. say about injustice anywhere and about right defeated?

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  4. What particular change to society in the European and English-speaking world occurred in the nineteenth century?

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  5. What issues largely replaced the moral concern over alcohol abuse and temperance as the twentieth century opened?

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  6. Who were Walter Rauschenbush and Washington Gladden?

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  7. How does Oxtoby describe the Christian ideal for society?

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  8. What religion or religions were Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels?

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  9. What was the one move that Marx was convinced one had to make if humanity was to be fulfilled?

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  10. What was the Marxist criterion of success (and how does this compare to Quakers, Congregationalists, and Methodists)?

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  11. What are the affinities between Marxist thought and the Judaeo-Christian heritage?

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  12. What does Liberation theology offer?

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  13. What propelled Karl Barth to prominence at the end of the First World War?

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  14. Compare Tillich's characterization of religion to that of Barth.

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  15. What is the idea of God for Charles Hartshorne?

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  16. How has Oxtoby characterized both Protestant and Catholic fundamentalism? (*)

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  17. How can a liberal stance be considered more demanding than a fundamentalist one?

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  18. Who are Barbara Harris and Lois Wilson?

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  19. Why might it not be enough to redress the patriarchal bias of the Christian tradition to point to female symbols of divinity?

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  20. For what do some praise the Church in this context? For what do others blame it?

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  21. What it particular about the New Revised Standard Version of the Bible published in 1989?

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  22. To what do we now refer as Pluralism? (*)

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  23. What is the distinction between Mediaeval Latin Christianity’s attitude to salvation and the Calvinist attitude?

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  24. How does Oxtoby contrast what Christians must do logically to what they must do morally?

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  25. What did Wilfred Cantwell Smith say it is to be modern?

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  26. What one thing does Oxtoby conclude is clear about Christian history?

 

Additional Notes: